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SOLVING THE DRUMLINS CONTROVERSY
Photo: Martin Groll
The origin of drumlins is controversial. These elongated hills cover 80% of the surface area of the Canadian Shield, or ¾ of Canada. Drumlin lands are found equally well in the north of the United States, in the United Kingdom, in Poland, in Scandinavia, in Switzerland, in Germany and in France.
In the early 1980s, geologist John Shaw proposed that large subglacial floods sculpted the drumlin fields. Given the gigantic estimate of such cataclysms as well as the volumes of water involved, the theory has sparked an outcry of criticism among some glaciologists. Icelanders call these debacles jökulhlaup.
An area north of Toronto could be the key to solving the mysterious drumlins. For 30 years, this area has been the subject of many underground probes and geological surveys with a view to exploiting the significant underground water resources accumulated in the ancient glacial moraines of Oak Ridges.
As the first in a series, the following video presents the glaciological context of Oak Ridges.
The second video explains how the curvatures of the drumlins support the theory that they were carved by a gigantic jökulhlaup.
Other videos will be added to this series sponsored by the Geological Survey of Canada with the collaboration of the Ontario Geological Survey.